Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)

EDI is the process of using computers to exchange business documents between companies in a structured format.

Although mail and fax are still used to make business transactions, EDI is a much faster way to do the same thing.  It is widely used by hundreds of thousands of businesses to process purchases and sales.  EDI typically has software that checks and edits documents for accuracy and all data is logged and entered through a computer.  A traditional paper purchase order can take ten days to two weeks from the time the buyer requests it to the time the shipper sends it off.  With EDI, that same order can be processed in less than a day.

Benefits of EDI (computer to computer exchange vs. traditional document exchange):

  • Speed 
  • Accuracy 
  • Reduce Mistakes  
  • Fast processing times 
  • Simple 
  • Increased Inventory Control

With faster processing time your company can maintain more efficient inventory levels contributing to a better use of warehouse space, and less out-of-stock problems.  This in turn leads to a reduction in freight costs, as there should be no need for last minute urgent delivery surcharges.

EDI Transaction Codes

Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) transaction codes, sometimes called transaction sets or T-sets, correspond to a specific type of electronic business document, such as an invoice or a purchase order. There are many different codes that you might exchange with your trading partners.

A transaction code is a basic EDI message type. Each EDI transaction code contains one or more data elements, such as a price or phone number. Some data elements are required; others are conditional or optional as specified by the trading partner. Data elements are combined to form data segments. One or more data segments, usually in a specific order and with a header at the front and a trailer at the back, form the complete transaction code.

Following are the most common ASC X12 EDI transaction codes:

  • 204 Motor Carrier Shipment Information
  • 210 Motor Carrier Freight Details and Invoice
  • 214 Transportation Carrier Shipment Stats Message
  • 810 Invoice
  • 812 Credit Debit Adjustment
  • 816 Organizational Relationship
  • 820 Payment Order/Remittance Advice
  • 824 Application Advice
  • 830 Planning Schedule with Release Capability
  • 832 Price/Sales Catalog
  • 844 Product Transfer Account Adjustment
  • 845 Price Authorization Acknowledgement/Status
  • 846 Inventory Inquiry/Advice
  • 849 Response to Product Transfer Account Adjustment
  • 850 Purchase Order
  • 852 Product Activity Data
  • 855 Purchase Order Acknowledgment
  • 856 Shipment Notice/Manifest
  • 860 Purchase Order Change Request - Buyer Initiated
  • 861 Remittance Advice
  • 864 Text Message
  • 867 Product Transfer and Resale Report
  • 875 Grocery Products Purchase Order
  • 880 Grocery Products Invoice
  • 940 Warehouse Shipping Order
  • 943 Warehouse Stock Transfer Shipment Advice
  • 944 Warehouse Stock Transfer Receipt Advice
  • 945 Warehouse Shipping Advice
  • 947 Warehouse Inventory Adjustment Advice
  • 990 Response to a Load Tender